To Be in Kunuz Nubian أفعال الكينونة بالنوبي الكنوزي



 Vocabulary for this lesson:

مفردات هذا الدرس:

ⲧⲟtoboyتۆولد
ⲓⲇidmanاِيدرجمل
ⲅⲁⲣⲣⲓgarribadجَرِّسيء
ⲙⲁmato be, copulaمَيكون
ⲁϣⲓⲣashirbeautifulاَشِرجميل
ⲉ̄ⲛeenwomanاێێنمرأة
ⲃⲟⲩⲣⲟⲩburugirlبُرُبنت
ⲉⲥⲥⲓessiwaterاێسِّماء
ⲉⲥⲥⲓ-ⲣessirin the waterاێسِّرفي الماء
ⲕⲁkahouseكَبيت
ⲕⲁ̄-ⲣkaarin the houseكارفي البيت
ⲉⲗⲟⲩⲙelumcrocodileاێلُمتمساح
ⲇⲁdathere is, existentialدَهناك, يوجد, ثمة, فيه

Kunuz Nubian is an SOV language, meaning that the verb always comes last. There is only a little flexibility, where the object can come first sometimes for emphasis (OSV). Two of the most important verbs to know are the copula (to be), and the existential (there is). To say that X is Y, all we need to say is X Y ma. See the examples below.
النوبي المتوكي من اللغات التي تستخدم صيغة (فاعل - مفعول - فعل) وهذا يعني أن الفعل دائما يأتي في اخر الجملة. هناك بعض المرونة فقط ففي بعض الحالات نستطيع ونطق المفعول قبل الفعل للتشديد على أهميته (مفعول - فاعل - فعل). أهم فعلي اللغة هم دَ (يوجد) و مَ (يكون). لكي نقول (أ) هو (ب) فنقول (أ ب مَ). أنظر إلى الأمثلة التالية.
to garri ma
تۆ جَرَِ مَ
ⲧⲟ ⲅⲁⲣⲣⲓ ⲙⲁ
The boy is bad. الولد سيء.

buru ashir ma
بُرُ اَشِر مَ
ⲃⲟⲩⲣⲟⲩ ⲁϣⲓⲣ ⲙⲁ
The girl is pretty. البنت جميلة

Based on these, try saying "the man is bad" and "the woman is beautiful."
بناء على هذا, حاول نطق جمل مثل (الرجل هو سيء) و(المرأة هي جميلة).

Sentences with the existential start with a locative phrase, then the subject, then the existential. So that's place-ir + subject + da.
تحتاج الجمل بفعل (دَ) إلى جملة أو كلمة بالصيغة المكانية ثم المبتدأ وثم فعل (دَ). هكذا: مكان-اِر + مبتدأ + دَ

For example,
مثلا:
essir elum da
ⲉⲥⲥⲓⲣ ⲉⲗⲟⲩⲙ ⲇⲁ
اێسِّر اێلُم دَ
"There is (a) crocodile in the water." هناك تسماح في الماء


kaar essi da
ⲕⲁ̄ⲣ ⲉⲥⲥⲓ ⲇⲁ
كار اێسِّ دَ
"There is water in the house." هناك ماء في البيت

Putting the subject first, gives a slightly different reading.

elum essir da
ⲉⲗⲟⲩⲙ ⲉⲥⲥⲓⲣ ⲇⲁ
اێلُم اێسِّر دَ
"The crocodile is at the river."    التمساح عند النهر (الماء)

Er sayton da?
ⲉⲣ ⲥⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲟⲛ ⲇⲁ?
اێر سَيْتۆن دَ
Where are you from? من أين أنت

Now try translating "The boy is in the house.", "The girl is in the river.", and "There is a crocodile in the house."
الان حاول ترجمة (الولد في البيت) و(البنت في النهر) و(هناك تمساح في البيت)




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